HONG KONG, JAN. 15, 2008--Hong Kong continues
to be the world's freest economy, according to the 2008 "Index of
Economic Freedom," published annually by The Wall Street
Journal and The Heritage Foundation.
It's the 14th straight year that Hong Kong has earned
the number-one ranking. Three other economies in the Asia-Pacific
region also made the Index's top 10. Singapore (2nd),
Australia (4th) and New Zealand (6th) joined
Hong Kong in that elite group.
The Index reflects data compiled in 10 key categories of
economic freedom. "With the top scores in four of the ten factors,
Hong Kong is once again the poster economy for economic freedom,"
note Index editors Kim Holmes, Edwin Feulner and Mary Anastasia
O'Grady.
Yet the Asia-Pacific region remains a study in contrasts. The
good news is that 18 economies there improved economic freedom
while 10 lost ground. That's better than any other region did.
Still, most countries in the region are ranked "mostly unfree."
The region is also home to several "repressed" economies, including
North Korea, which scores poorly in every factor. "It has nowhere
to go but up--if its political leadership ever decides to try," the
editors write.
Hong Kong's score did drop a bit this year. Its measure of
economic freedom is 90.3, down 0.3 points from last year. But it
maintains a lead over second place Singapore, which improved 0.2 to
earn a score of 87.4. The editors laud Singapore as "the top
country in business freedom and labor freedom."
By implementing trade liberalization and fiscal reforms that
include a flat tax, Mongolia showed the most improvement in the
region. With a score of 62.8, Mongolia moved up to "moderately
free" from "mostly unfree" in the 2007 Index.
Asia's overall level of economic freedom (58.7) lags a bit below
the world average (60.3). But the editors predict this could change
if two economic giants press on with economic reform. India and
China are ranked 21st and 23rd in the region,
the Index notes, making them "mostly unfree."
But economic freedom has been improving in those countries, and
that trend should help speed Asian development in the years ahead.
"When China and India further open their economies to globalization
so that internal economic freedoms are strengthened," the editors
write, "the rise in global prosperity will be spectacular."
To compile the Index, the editors measured 157 countries across
10 specific factors of economic freedom. The higher the score, the
lower the level of government interference. All countries were
graded on a scale of 0 to 100.
The 10 freedoms measured are: business freedom, trade freedom,
fiscal freedom, government size, monetary freedom, investment
freedom, financial freedom, property rights, freedom from
corruption and labor freedom. Ratings in each category are averaged
to produce the overall Index score.
This year's Index aims to be the most precise measure of
economic freedom ever published. The editors fine-tuned a
methodology first employed last year to grade each economy in the
world. "The methodology has been vetted with an academic advisory
board and should now even better reflect the details of each
country's economic policies," they write.
Worldwide, the average rating for economic freedom held
essentially steady "while progressing more slowly than one might
hope," the editors write. Of the 157 countries ranked, only seven
are classified as "free" (a score of 80 or higher). Another 23 are
"mostly free" (70-79.9). The bulk of countries--103 economies--are
either "moderately free" (60-60.9) or "mostly unfree" (50-50.9).
Some 24 countries have "repressed" economies, with total freedom
scores below 50 percent.
This is the 14th consecutive year The Heritage
Foundation and The Wall Street Journal have published the
Index. It's edited by Kim Holmes, Heritage's vice president for
foreign affairs, Edwin Feulner, Heritage's president, and Mary
Anastasia O'Grady, a member of the Journal's editorial board and
editor of the "Americas" column.
Copies of the 2008 Index (410 pp., US$24.95) can be ordered at
heritage.org/index or by calling 1-800-975-8625 and are available
in English or Spanish. Additionally the full text, along with all
charts and graphs, will be available via the Internet at www.heritage.org/index.
About The Wall Street Journal
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Contacts: Jim Weidman,
(202) 675-1761, jim.weidman@heritage.org
Joe Spitzer,
852-9260 8339, joe.spitzer@dowjones.com