With the UN
Security Council pondering a resolution to send an international
force to stabilize southern Lebanon and disarm Hezbollah, it is
time to tap into Turkey's large military power and exceptional
geopolitical role in the eastern Mediterranean.
Turkey is uniquely positioned to lead a robust multinational force
that can assume control over southern Lebanon and gradually hand it
over to the Lebanese Army. European countries like France, Ireland,
Italy and Spain have shown some inclination to contribute troops to
a 20,000-strong force. But their commitment has been understandably
halfhearted. France already has 11,000 troops deployed worldwide.
And no European country would like seeing its troops caught in
crossfire between Hezbollah and Israel.
If a main criterion for the force structure is toughness,
professionalism, as well as religious affiliation, Turkey rather
than France would be the most fitting nation to take the
lead.
Turkey is a bridge between the West and the Muslim world. As such,
it can strike the best balance among the conflicting interests of
all parties involved in the Lebanon crisis. Turkey maintains
cordial relations with both Hezbollah's patrons, Iran and Syria, as
well as with Israel. The presence of Muslim soldiers in south
Lebanon, albeit Sunni soldiers, would be more acceptable to
Hezbollah than those of any other Western force.
Since the Korean War, Turkey, a NATO member, has been an important
player in several international conflicts, particularly those
involving Muslims. Turkey took part in the 1991 Gulf War as well as
peacekeeping missions in Somalia, Bosnia and the West Bank. Turkey
also participates in the NATO peacekeeping force in Afghanistan. In
all these deployments Turkish soldiers have done a superb job. They
are also likely to interact well with Muslim soldiers from Asian
countries, like Indonesia, that have already expressed interest in
sending troops.
Turkey's relations with Israel are particularly useful. Despite the
recent cancellation of a large contract with Israel Aircraft
Industry to upgrade its aging F-4 fighter-bomber fleet, the Turkish
and Israeli militaries have a track record of mutual respect and
cooperation. Israelis will not endanger lives of Turkish soldiers
in Lebanon. Israel's prime minister, Ehud Olmert, stated last week
that "Turkish forces are welcome."
There are other reasons why Turkey should take the lead. With more
than one million personnel, Turkey's armed forces are the second
largest standing force in NATO after America's. Turkey has three
times more deployable troops than France.
When it comes to guerrilla warfare, the Turks have one of the most
effective militaries in the world. With years of experience
fighting the guerrillas of the Kurdistan Worker's Party, the
well-trained Turkish military is fully equipped to eventually
disarm Hezbollah. Unlike the last multinational force deployed in
1983 in Lebanon, which dissolved after 241 U.S. marines were killed
in a Hezbollah bombing, a determined Turkish-led force is not
likely to flinch.
Politically, stepping to the plate would be a smart thing for
Turkey to do. Turkey would get a chance not only to enhance its
prestige in the region, but also to strengthen its relations with
the West and improve its chances of eventually joining the European
Union.
A leading Turkish role in Lebanon could significantly improve
U.S.-Turkish relations, which have been in decline since Ankara's
refusal in 2003 to allow the 4th U.S. Armored Division to transit
its territory to enter Iraq. (The Turks, for their part, are
resentful of U.S. policies in the Middle East. In a recent poll, 69
percent of Turks said they disliked America).
For now, Turkey is ambivalent about its role in the Lebanon crisis.
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said recently that Turkey is
willing to consider undertaking the command of a prospective
international force, but only under a UN mandate and after the
introduction of a cease-fire.
Such a cease-fire may now be achievable; if a multinational force
is formed, a Turkish general should assume command over it. But a
Turkish decision to act as a peacemaker in Lebanon should be
rewarded accordingly. If Turkey succeeds in calming Lebanon, it
should be granted points toward its EU accession and a seat at the
table of the great powers working toward peace and security in Iraq
and throughout the Middle East.
Gal Luft is the director of the Institute for Analysis of
Global Security, Washington. Ariel
Cohen is research fellow for Russian and Eurasian
studies at the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for
International Studies at the Heritage Foundation and author of
"Eurasia in Balance" (Ashgate, 2005) and "Russia-Kazakhstan Energy
Cooperation" (GMB Publishing, 2006).
First appeared in the International Herald Tribune